


1 help_TeX

This help library provides an on line description of the tools and other
objects that are defined for using the Version V1.0-3 of the TeX and LaTeX
system. Tools (and files) are indicated by UPPERCASE, and informational
topics are in mixed (or lower) case.
1 Hints

The following informational topics are available to you.

         TeX_Setup       Description of the site SET*.COM files.
         TeX_Documents   Additional documentation.
         TeX_Files       Description of what files TeX, LaTeX use.
         TeX_Logicals    Describes the various logical names used.
1 TeX_Documents

The following files are available as on line documents that you can print
out. Files of type .PS are Postscript files that can be printed on an Apple
Laserwriter, while files of type .LN3 can be printed on an LN03 printer with
"/NOFEED" qualifier.

     1.  TEX_ROOT:[DOC]CHEAT_SHEET.PS

         One page summary of available commands.

     2.  TEX_ROOT:[DOC]CHEAT_SHEET.LN3

         Same as .PS version.

         TEX_ROOT:[DOC]CHEAT_SHEET.DVI

         TEX_ROOT:[DOC]LOCAL.PS

2 TeX_manual

The complete source file for the TeXbook is to be found in the following
file.

         TEX_ROOT:[DOC.TEX]TEXMAN.TEX
2 Metafont_manual

The complete source file for the Metafont book is to be found in the
following file.

         TEX_ROOT:[DOC.TEX]MFMAN.TEX
2 WEB_manual

The complete source file for the WEB manual is to be found in the following
file.

         TEX_ROOT:[DOC.TEX]WEBMAN.TEX
1 TeX_Files

The following are the various file types that TeX (and other related tools)
make use of.
2 .AUX

This is an auxiliary information file that contains cross-referencing
information.

If LaTeX is run with an input file named MYFILE.TEX that has citations and
bibliography making commands. The auxiliary file MYFILE.AUX that it
produces will contain all the citation keys and the arguments of the
"\bibliography" and "\bibliographystyle" commands.

This is also an input file to the BibTeX program.
2 .BBL

BiBTeX output file, that is read by LaTeX when it encounters a
"\bibliography" command.
2 .DVI

DeVice Independent file that is output by TEX. This is then used as input
for the driver to convert the DVI file to a file that can be printed on the
particular output device.
2 .GDF

Glossary definition file. This is a text file which contains one or more
definitions of words or phrases (and 'entry') in a special defined format.
2 .GF

An output file from METAFONT that is the actual raster image of the
characters.
2 .GLG

Glossary log file, that is created when GloTeX is run.
2 .GLO

Glossary information file that is created by LaTeX. This is then used as
input to the GloTeX program.
2 .GLS

GloTeX output file. This is input into your LaTeX document with a
"\input{name.GLS}" command at the appropriate place.
2 .IDX

Auxiliary Index file. This is created by LaTeX by the "\makeindex" command
in the preamble of the document.

This is the input file to the IdxTeX program.
2 .IND

IdxTeX output file, that contains all of the commands necessary to create
an attriactive two-column index. This file is included in the LaTeX
document with an "\input" command at the appropriate place.
2 .LIS

Listing/log file that is generated when TEX is run.
2 .TEX

TeX (and LaTeX) input source file. This is the default file type that is
assumed for all input files. You are free to use another file type if you
specify it.
2 .TFM

This is a TeX Font Metric, which defines the size and position details of
each character. TeX reads these when it composes a document.
2 .TOC

Table of Contents file. This is generated by LaTeX and contains information
for generating the Table of Contents for a document.
2 .PS

Postscript file, that can be sent to a printer such as an Apple
Laserwriter.
1 TeX_Setup

These tools are set up with the use of three special DCL command procedures
in the top directory of the toolkit. By running them you have defined all
that you need to use all of these tools.
2 SETUP.COM

Performs the overall setup for this toolkit, making use of the other
SET*.COM files (if they exist). This will change the default directory to
be where this file is located, through the use of the F$ENVIRONMENT()
lexical function, and run the SET*.COM files.
3 Parameters

None are used.
3 Files Used

This procedure will check for the existance of the following files, in
the same directory this file is located in. If they exist, they are
executed in the following order.

         SETLOGS.COM     Defines toolkit logical names.
         SETSYMBS.COM    Defines toolkit global symbols.
         SETCMDS.COM     Defines toolkit DCL commands..

     a.  Run SETLOGS.COM, SETSYMBS.COM, and SETCMDS.COM if they exist.

2 SETLOGS.COM

This procedure defines all of the logical names necessary to run the
TEXTOOLS collection.
3 Parameters

p1,..p8 can be qualifiers for the DEFINE command.
3 Processing

     a.  Change default to the directory that this file is located in.
         This is to ensure that all logical names are defined in terms of
         where this file is located without being hard-coded into this
         file.

     b.  Process the "quals_in", creating the "quals" symbols to be a
         valid qualifier for DEFINE command.

     c.  Define the rooted logical, that is to be used as the base
         device.

     d.  Define the value of the rooted logical for where the TeX Fonts
         are based.

     e.  Make sure that certain logical names do in fact exist, and have
         some value defined.

          *  user$inputs


     f.  Define all logical names necessary for this toolkit of the form
         TEX$* or TEX_*.

          *  tex$root

          *  tex_root

          *  tex_log

          *  tex_exe

          *  tex_fonts

          *  tex_formats

          *  tex_inputs

          *  tex_pkdir

          *  tex$bib

          *  tex$examples

          *  tex$fonts

          *  tex$formats

          *  tex_help

          *  tex$help

          *  tex_hlb

          *  tex$hlb

          *  tex$inputs

          *  tex$latex

          *  tex$pkdir


     g.  The following logical names are based on the above logicals

          *  dvidis_file_format

          *  dvidis_font_sizes

          *  init$rnototex

          *  latex$hlb

          *  latex_hlb

          *  spell_dict

          *  texsis_lib


2 SETSYMBS.COM

Defines all of the Global symbols used to invoke the tools contained in
this toolkit.
3 Parameters

None are used.
3 Logicals

         TEX_ROOT      Logical disk where all TeX files are.
3 Symbols

      *  bibtex

      *  ctangle

      *  cweave

      *  cweb

      *  docsty

      *  dvi2tty

      *  dvialw

      *  dvidis

      *  dvil3p

      *  dviln03

      *  dviprx

      *  dvips

      *  dvitype

      *  gftodvi

      *  gftopxl

      *  gftype

      *  glotex

      *  idxtex

      *  inimf

      *  initex

      *  latex

      *  ln03dvi

      *  mf

      *  pltotf

      *  pooltype

      *  slitex

      *  tangle

      *  tex

      *  tftopl

      *  weave

      *  web

      *  texhelp

1 TeX_Logicals

All necessary logical names are defined in the SETLOGS.COM file, and provide
a way to conveniently reference files and directories on any system.
2 LATEX$STYLES

This points to the directory that contains the latest copies of the LaTeX
style sheets, from the Rochester University system.
2 MF$BASES

This points to a directory that is used by the METAFONT tool.
2 MF$INPUTS

This points to the directory that is where to find any METAFONT input files
that are not to be found in the current default directory.
2 TEX$BIB

Points to the directory containing all of the various BibTeX files.
2 TEX_EXE

Directory that contains the executable files for the TeX, LaTeX, and other
systems.
2 TEX$FONTS

Directory that contains the TeX Font Metric (TFM) files.
2 TEX$FORMATS
2 TEX$HELP

Directory containing all of the files that are necessary for the on line
help support for this toolkit.
2 TEX$HLB

On line help library for the TEXTOOLS.
2 TEX$INPUTS

Directory to use for TeX and LaTeX input files, that are not in the current
default directory. This is where you will find standard include files,
LaTeX styles (*.STY) and other files.
2 TEX$LOCAL

Directory containing the local files for using TeX and LaTeX.
2 TEX$PKDIR
2 TEX$PXLDIR
2 TEX_ROOT

Logical device that is the root of ALL of the various directories for this
toolkit.
2 TEX_FONTS

Alternate form for the logical TEX$FONTS.
2 TEX_INPUTS

Alternate form for the logical TEX$INPUTS.
2 USER$INPUTS

User defined directory of TeX and LaTeX styles, etc. This can be defined by
you to point to a directory of your files you want to supercede those in
TEX$INPUTS.
1 BIBTEX

BibTeX is a separate program that produces the source list for a document,
obtaining the information from a bibliographic database.

         $ BIBTEX  tex-file

For a more detailed description see the "Documenation" topic, or section
4.3.2 in the LaTeX user manual.
2 Documentation

The documentation for the BibTeX system can be found in the
TEX$ROOT:[BIBTEX] directory, in the following files.

         BTXDOC.PS       Postscript file for BibTeX user manual
         BTXDOC.TEX      Source file for BibTeX user manual
2 Source_List

The source list is created with a "thebibliography" environment, which is
like the "enumerate" environment except that:

     1.  List items are begun with the "\bibitem" command. Its argument is
         a key by which the source can be cited with a "\cite" command.
         (The "\bibitem" and "\cite" commands work much like the "\label"
         and "\ref" commands.)

     2.  The "thebibliography" environment has an argument that should be a
         piece of text the same width as or slightly wider than the widest
         item label in the source list.


For example if you type

      See \cite{kn:gnus} for the hairy details.
      ...
      \begin{thebibliography}{99}
      ...
      \bibitem{kn:gnus} D. E. Knudson.
      {\em 1966 World Gnus Almanac.}
      ...
      \end{thebibliography}

you will get something like

         See [67] for the hairy details.
         ...
         References
         ...
         [67] D. E. Knudson. 1966 World Gnus Almanac. Permafrost Press,
         Novosibirsk.

Note that ``99'' is as wide as all other two-digit numbers.
1 DVI2PS

Converts DVI files into Postscript (*.PS) files that can be printed out on an
Apple Laserwriter printer.

         $ DVI2PS  dvi-file
                                         or
         $ DVI2PS -B  dvi-file                   ! reverse order on output
1 DVIALW

Converts DVI files into Postscript (*.PS) files that can be printed out on an
Apple Laserwriter printer.

         $ DVIALW  dvi-file
                                         or
         $ DVIALW -B  dvi-file                   ! reverse order on output
1 DVITYPE

This is a METAFONT tool, which is described in the METAFONT book.
1 GFTODVI

This is a METAFONT tool, which is described in the METAFONT book.
1 GFTOPK

This is a METAFONT tool, which is described in the METAFONT book.
1 GFTOPXL

This is a METAFONT tool, which is described in the METAFONT book.
1 GFTYPE

This is a METAFONT tool, which is described in the METAFONT book.
1 INIMF

Initializes METAFONT.
1 INITEX

Initializes TeX.
1 MF

Invoke METAFONT for designing fonts. For more information, see "The METAFONT
Book" by Donald Knuth.
1 PLTOTF

This is a METAFONT tool, which is described in the METAFONT book.
1 POOLTYPE

This is a METAFONT tool, which is described in the METAFONT book.
1 TANGLE

WEB 'compiler' that converts WEB programs into Pascal code that can then be
compiled using the local Pascal compiler.

         $ TANGLE   name
         $ PASCAL   name
1 TEX

TeX is a powerful language that offers nearly unlimited flexibility in
composing and typesetting difficult material. It was originally designed (by
Donald Knuth) to typeset mathematics and allows very complex mathematical
formulations to be set precisely as the mathematician desires.

         $ TEX  [tex-file]

The principle reference for using TeX is the TeXbook, by Donald E. Knuth.
2 logo

The three letters of the TeX logo (when typeset) are the Greek letters Tau
Epsilon Chi, pronounced 'techhh'.
1 TEXIDX

Another Index generating tool for TeX documents.
1 TFTOPL

This is a METAFONT tool, which is described in the METAFONT book.
1 WEAVE

Converts a WEB file into a TeX source that you can then use to generate a
document on the program. The following will generate the file "name.TEX" from
the input file "name.WEB".

         $ WEAVE name    

WEAVE expects that there will be a change file (default name is "name.CH").
If none exists, then you will be prompted for one.
