1 PRT
 The PRT command lets you print files on any of a large number of printers
 throughout campus.  (Type PRT/PRINTERS to see a list.)  You can choose a
 specific printer or location you want via the qualfiers /QUEUE, /NODE,
 /SITE, /EQUIPMENT, and /UNIT.
! or just pick a type of printer that does what you need (see /CODE,
! /FORM -- more options will be added here later -- watch this space).

 If you have your file printed at the UCS central printers (those at site
 ACC), you can have it delivered to a remote site (see /FILING -- the /HC
 option, which was used for this, is being phased out, but will still work),
 or sent to you via campus mail (see /TO).

 You can use the PRTQ command to follow the progress of your print job.
 (See HELP PRTQ.)  In order to see what's happening to one particular job,
 you'll need the "psn" (print serial number) that PRT assigns to the job,
 from the message that PRT prints when your job is successfully processed
 (see Success_message).

 If you frequently use PRT with the same options, you can save typing
 by setting up your own command names that include those options (see
 Command_symbols).

 Format:
           PRT  file-spec[,...]

2 Parameters
 file-spec[,...]

 Lists the names of one or more files to be printed.  If you have more
 than one file to print, separate them with either commas (,) or plus
 signs (+).

 You can use the standard VMS wildcards in the directory, file name, file
 type, and version.  (The maximum length of a file specification for PRT
 is 255 characters, the same as is allowed by VMS.)

2 Qualifiers
/BINARY

    /BINARY
    /NOBINARY    (Default)

 Positional qualifier.

 Tells that the file(s) to be printed contains binary data, i.e. that the
 full 8 bits of each byte are meaningful, or that non-standard control
 characters are used.  (Ordinary ASCII text only uses 7 bits.).  Binary
 data typically occurs in plot-type files.  This qualifier makes sure
 that all the bits are preserved, and that control characters aren't
 interpreted in unwanted ways.  (You should use /BINARY for Printronix
 plot files.)

 (If you place the /BINARY qualifier after the PRT command name, each of
 the files in the parameter list is considered to contain binary data.
 If you specify /BINARY after a certain file specification, only that file
 is considered to contain binary data.)

/CC

     /CC=cc_type

 Positional qualifier.

 Overrides the carriage-control type of the file.  By default, the file's
 own CC type is used.

 (If you place the /CC qualifier after the PRT command name, it will be
 used for all the files.  If it's placed after a file, only that file
 will take on that /CC type.)

 Allowed CC types and their meanings are:

    FORTRAN -- File contains Fortran carriage-control characters in the
               first column.
    ASCII   -- A carriage return and line feed (crlf) will be added at
               the end of each record (line) when the file is printed.
    NONE    -- A crlf will *not* be automatically added at the end of
               each record when the file is printed.  This assumes that
               the file contains its own carriage control characters in
               the text.

!/CODE
!
!    /CODE=file's-code-type
!
! Tells what sort of printer control commands (if any) that the file
! contains.  Code types are most commonly specified for plot files, but
! the use of printer control languages like Postscipt for typeset text
! is increasing.  If you are using printer commands, then specifying
! the code type can make sure your job goes to a printer that can handle
! it, or that the file gets converted (if possible) to a code type that
! the printer you want does support.  Code types that non-plot jobs might
! use are:
!
!    TEXT       -- For ordinary text, which may include ASCII control
!                  characters like linefeeds and formfeeds.
!    POSTSCRIPT -- File is a Postscript program.
!    QMS        -- Contains QMS Quic commands.
!    PRINTRONIX -- Contains control characters to do Printronix graphics,
!                  double-height, or 8lpi.
!    XEROX      -- Contains Xerox 4050 FDL commands.
!
/CONFIG

     /CONFIG=file-spec

 Positional qualifier.

 Specifies the name of the configuration file that goes with the file(s)
 to be printed.  Configuration files contain printer commands needed to
 control certain printer functions, such as character size, font style, etc.

 If you place the /CONFIG qualifier after the PRT command name, the
 configuration file will be sent to the printer before each file.  If you
 specify /CONFIG after a certain file specification, only that particular
 file will have the config file prepended.

/CONFIRM

    /CONFIRM
    /NOCONFIRM   (Default)

 If you specify /CONFIRM, you'll be asked if you want to print each
 file that matches your file specifications.  This is useful if you've
 included wildcards, and may not want to print all the files that match.

 Allowed answers are YES, NO, and return.  You can use any combination
 of upper and lowercase letters, and you can abbreviate to one or more
 letters (e.g. y or Ye for YES).  Just typing return means NO.

/COPIES

    /COPIES=n

 Positional qualifier.

 Tells the number of copies to print.  Any number of copies, from 1
 through 255, may be printed.  By default, a single copy of each file
 is printed.

 (If you place the /COPIES qualifier after the PRT command name, each of
 the files in the parameter list is printed the desired number of times.
 If you specify /COPIES=n after a certain file specification, only that
 file is printed n times.)

/DELETE

    /DELETE
    /NODELETE    (Default)

 Positional qualifier.

 Controls whether the files are to deleted after printing.  (If you place
 the /DELETE qualifier after the PRT command name, all specified files
 are deleted.  If you put /DELETE after a certain file specification,
 only that file is deleted after it is printed.)

/EQUIPMENT

    /EQUIPMENT=equipment-type

 Tells the type of printer to be used.  This qualifer can be used to
 select between printers at sites that have more than one kind of printer.
 To see the kind of printers that are available at your site, type
 PRT/PRINTER/SITE=site-name.  If you specify /SITE but don't use
 /EQUIPMENT, your job will be sent to the printer that matches the
 other options you've selected (like /FORM), or to the default printer
 for that site if you haven't used other options.

/FEED

    /FEED        (Default)
    /NOFEED

 Positional qualifier.

 Tells whether or not the printer should automatically issue a page
 eject when printing gets near the bottom of the page so that the
 printing doesn't go over a page boundary.  Printronix plot files,
 for instance, should have both /BINARY and /NOFEED specified.

 (If you place the /FEED qualifier after the PRT command name, all files
 specified will be printed with page ejects.  If you specify /FEED after
 a certain file specification, only that file is printed with ejects.)

/FILING

    /FILING=destination

 For output printed on printers serviced by the operators at the central
 site (ACC), tells the name of the remote site to which the output should
 be delivered.  Names of remote sites which have deliveries include:
 BALMER, HEALTH, FISHERIES, SAVERY, SIEG, SHOWBOAT.  Note that it may
 take a day for your output to arrive.

/FORM

    /FORM=form-name

 Tells the kind of paper and print characteristics that you want.  Use
 /FORM if the printer you're using allows more than one form type (for
 instance, the Xerox printer), or to choose between two printers that
 differ only in which form they have mounted.  (This latter is true of
 most of the Printronixes at remote sites.  One will have wide forms
 -- 1S -- and the other narrow -- HV.)

 Standard form names for the UCS Xerox 4050 printer (QUEUE=XEROX) are:

   Form    Paper stock      Sides    Pitch    Orientation
   ----    -----------      -----    -----    ----------------
   XP      8 1/2 x 11         1      10 cpi   Portrait
   XW      8 1/2 x 11         1      12 cpi   Portrait
   XL      8 1/2 x 11         1      14 cpi   Landscape
   DP      8 1/2 x 11         2      10 cpi   Portrait
   DW      8 1/2 x 11         2      12 cpi   Portrait
   DL      8 1/2 x 11         2      14 cpi   Landscape
   HP      8 1/2 x 11 3-hole  1      10 cpi   Portrait
   HW      8 1/2 x 11 3-hole  1      12 cpi   Portrait
   HL      8 1/2 x 11 3-hole  1      14 cpi   Landscape
   RP      8 1/2 x 11 3-hole  2      10 cpi   Portrait
   RW      8 1/2 x 11 3-hole  2      12 cpi   Portrait
   RL      8 1/2 x 11 3-hole  2      14 cpi   Landscape

 Standard form names for the lineprinters (mostly Printronixes) at
 UCS remote sites are:

   1S      14 x 11 fan-fold   1      10 cpi   Landscape
   HV      8 1/2 x 11 3-hole  1      10 cpi   Portrait
           fan-fold

 Note that these form names are really shorthand for a set of options
 that will soon be available.  These are /STOCK -- paper type, /SIDES --
 number of sides (1 or 2) printed on, /LINES -- number of lines per page,
 /PITCH -- number of characters per inch, for fixed-pitch fonts only, and
 /ORIENTATION -- portrait (height greater than width) or landscape.
 On some printers, that have elaborate printing styles, other options
 will be available, to allow things like printing several pages on one
 sheet or selecting the font.

/FROM

    /FROM=(1st-line,2nd-line,...)

 If you're sending your listing through campus mail to someone else, you
 may want to put your return address on it using the /FROM option.  /FROM
 takes one to five lines of text.  For two or more lines, separate them
 with commas, and enclose the whole list in parentheses.  If a line
 contains blanks or special characters, or if you want to have mixed
 upper and lower cases, put double-quotes around it.  Example:

    /FROM=("Fred Smith",dentistry)

 (Note DENTISTRY will appear in upper-case.)

/HANDLING

    /HANDLING=BAG
        or
    /HANDLING=STAPLE

 By default, output that's printed at the central site will be stapled
 together unless it's too thick, in which case it will be put in a
 plastic bag.  With /HANDLING, you can choose which way you want your
 output prepared.  We ask that you not choose BAG unless you really need
 it -- a staple is less waste than a plastic bag.

/HC

    /HC=handling-code

 This is a code that tells both how you want your listing prepared for
 delivery (bagged or stapled -- no, fold spindle and mutilate is not an
 option) and to where it should be delivered.  It only applies to output
 printed on the UCS central printers.  The default is to staple the
 listing, and put it in the output shelves at the ACC building, filed
 under the last letter of your username.  (The last letter is used
 because it is more evenly distributed over the alphabet.)

 Standard handling codes for UCS printers are:

    Handling Code   Description
    -------------   -----------------------------------
    "c-PB"          Place output in plastic bag without
                    stapling, and file it on shelf c.
    "HC-E"          Deliver output to 326 Sieg Hall
    "HC-F"          Deliver output to 203 Fisheries
    "HC-H"          Deliver output to T275 Health Sciences
    "HC-Q"          Deliver output to 405 Balmer Hall
    "HC-V"          Deliver output to 210D Showboat Apts.
    "HC-X"          Deliver output to 143A Savery Hall

 Note that /HC is being replaced by more meaningful options, two of which
 are now available.  See /FILING and /HANDLING.

/NODE

    /NODE=node-name

 Tells the name of the computer to which your files are to be sent.
 This allows you to select a printer by telling which computer it's
 connected to.  If /NODE is specified, the file and all the command
 parameters are passed on to the destination node for processing.
 This is useful to distinguish between queues with the same name
 on two different computers, or to send a job to a private printer
 not listed in the central printer database.


/OPTIONS

    /OPTIONS="options-string"

 This allows site-dependent information other than the standard options
 to be passed (unparsed) directly to the computer to which the printer
 is connected, where it will be interpreted.  For instance, if the
 printer is connected to a VMS machine, you may use /OPTIONS to include
 VMS PRINT command qualifiers that aren't included in the PRT command.
 Double-quotes are required because the options string will undoubtedly
 contain special characters. Example:

    /OPTIONS="/SETUP=XXX/SPACE"

/PRINTERS

    /PRINTERS[=file-spec]

 Instructs PRT to write a list of the printers that match the other
 options selected to the file "file-spec."  If no filename is given,
 then the list is written to the current output device (usually your
 terminal).  No print request is made.

 You can include with /PRINTERS other options used to select a printer:
 currently allowed are /QUEUE, /NODE, /SITE, /EQUIPMENT, and /UNIT.
! Eventually all the options that affect the selection of a printer,
! like /FORM and /CODE, will be allowed -- right now they have no affect
! on the list produced by PRT/PRINTERS.
!
! Private printers are not shown in the list.  Ask your departmental
! computer support people what options you should use to print on your
! department's printers that are connected to the PRT network.
!
/QUEUE

    /QUEUE=queue-name

 Tells the name of the print queue in which the job is to be inserted.
 This is probably the simplest way to tell which printer you want.
 You can use /NODE with this if there are more than one queue with
 the same name on different computers.

/SHIFT

    /SHIFT=n

 Positional qualifier.

 Specifies the number of columns that the left margin of the file is to
 be shifted over.  Fortran carriage-control characters are preserved;
 tabs are expanded before shifting.  The value for /SHIFT can be from 1
 to 131.

 (If you place the /SHIFT qualifier after the PRT command name, all files
 specified will be indented.  If you specify /SHIFT after a certain file
 specification, only that file is shifted over.)

/SITE

    /SITE=site-name

 Selects the site at which to print.  Usually this will be the name of
 the building where the printer is located.

 ACC is the name of the central site -- this is the Academic Computer
 Center building.  Commonly-used remote site names are:  ATMOS, BALMER,
 BENSON, COMMUNICATIONS, CSSCR, CSDE, FISHERIES, FORESTRY, GUGGENHEIM,
 HANSEE, HEALTH, MCCARTY, MCMAHON, MEB, MERCER, OCEAN, SAVERY, SIEG,
 TERRY, WILCOX.
 
/TO

    /TO=(1st-line,2nd-line,...)

 This option allows you to have your printout sent via campus mail to
 the address you specify.  You can include one to five lines of address.
 For sending to locations on the main campus, only two lines -- the name
 and mailstop -- are needed.  For the UW Medical Center and Harborview,
 three lines should be used -- name, department, and mailstop.  Separate
 the lines with commas, and enclose the whole list in parentheses.  If a
 line contains blanks or special characters, or if you want to have mixed
 upper and lower cases, put double-quotes around it.  Examples:

    /TO=("Fred Smith",XX-99)
    /TO=("Dr. Jane Jones",RADIOLOGY,AA-11)

 If you'll be using /TO a lot with the same address, you may want to make
 a new command name that includes the option (see Command_symbols). 

 (Note that /TO actually goes along with /FILING=CAMPUS_MAIL, but you
 don't need to include this -- if you use /TO, this /FILING value is
 included by default.  If you have /TO as part of your own command name
 and want, for some reason, not to have the output mailed, you can turn
 this feature off by including /NOFILING after your command.)

/UNIT

    /UNIT=unit-number

 Tells which of several printers of the same type at a particular site
 to use.  For instance, many remote sites have two Printronix printers,
 one with wide forms (1S) and one with narrow (HV) mounted.  /UNIT can
 be used to choose between them.  It's probably more intuitive, however,
 to use /FORM.

2 Command_symbols

 If you commonly use the same set or sets of options, you can avoid
 having to type them each time by making new command names.  To do this,
 put a line in your LOGIN.COM that creates a symbol with the name you
 want for the new command, set equal to the PRT command plus options
 that you want it to represent.  Some examples:

    $PRTS == "PRT/SITE=SIEG/FORM=1S"
    $MYPRT == "PRT/TO=(""Fred Smith"",AA-99)"
    $XYZ == "PRT/OPTION=""/SPACE"""

 The double-quotes are required because there are special characters
 in the command strings.  If you need to put double-quotes *inside* the
 command string, as around "Fred Smith" above, just put two for each
 one you want.

2 Defaults

 If none of the optional qualifiers are given, then PRT will assign the
 following default values to each one:

  /BINARY    - /NOBINARY is the default.
  /COPIES    - one copy per file.
  /DELETE    - /NODELETE is the default.
  /FEED      - Page ejects will be done near the bottom of the page.
  /FORM      - Default forms code for the specified printer.
  /NODE      - The node that that you're giving the PRT command on.
  /PRINTERS  - The current output device (usually your terminal).
  /SHIFT     - file is not shifted.

 The default printer is the UCS Xerox 4050.

2 Printer_selection

 The options that affect which printer you get are /QUEUE, /NODE, /SITE,
 /EQUIPMENT, /UNIT, and /FORM (and the other form-related options that are
 yet to be announced).  The first five of these have only to
 do with printer selection -- including enough of them will identify the
 printer exactly.  Generally /QUEUE alone is enough, so this is the
 preferred method.  In case of a tie (two queues with the same name on
 different computers), /NODE can be used with /QUEUE.  /SITE, /EQUIPMENT,
 and /UNIT, or /SITE and /FORM will likely determine a printer completely.
 /FORM does more than just help select a printer, and can have
 more than one value for the same printer.

 You can use PRT/PRINTERS to see what's available.  Include the above
 printer selection options to narrow down the list.  (Note private
 printers connected to the PRT network are not shown -- ask your
 department's computer support people what the right options are to
 print on your department's printers.)

2 Error_messages

 Here are some common error messages you might see when using PRT:

    "No such printer" -- No printer was found that matched the set of
        options you selected.
    "Error opening xxxx.yyyy as input" -- This message will be followed
        by the error reported by the system.  Usually this is "file not
        found" or "no privilege for attempted operation" (which means
        the file is protected so you can't read it).
    "Value nnn invalid for /COPIES qualifier" -- /COPIES takes a number
        between 1 and 255.
    "Value nnn invalid for /SHIFT qualifier" -- /SHIFT takes a number
        between 1 and 131.
    "Bad OPTIONS value" -- If you include an /OPTIONS string and your
        file is to be printed on the system you're logged in to, PRT will
        be able to show you any error in your /OPTIONS commands right away.
    "Can't reach printer database server" -- PRT couldn't connect over
        the network to the computer that runs the database server, or,
        the database server has halted.  Try your command again in a few
        minutes, in case the problem is a temporary network failure.
        If it still doesn't work, call consulting or UCS operations.

 One message that shouldn't happen is:

    "Printer database problem" -- This indicates a problem with the
        information in the printer database.  Since the database is new,
        there may still be errors.  For now, if you get this message,
        please send e-mail to NEWPRT@CAC.WASHINGTON.EDU and include the
        command you typed and mention that you got this message.  (Later,
        when the new version of PRT is in regular use, you should report
        the problem to consulting.)

2 Success_message

 There are two types of message that PRT returns if your job was
 successfully sent to be printed.  If your job is sent to another node
 to be printed, you'll see a messages like this (one for each file,
 since each file is sent separately):

    Job ABCDE (queue PQRST, psn X12345) sending to NODENAME

 If your job is going to be printed on the same machine as you're logged
 in on, you'll see a message like this (only one message as all your
 files will be put in the same print request):

    Job ABCDE (queue=PQRST, psn=X12345, entry=9876) pending

 The "psn" is the unique number assigned to your job.  You can use it
 with the PRTQ command (e.g. PRTQ/PSN=X12345) to watch the progress of
 your job.  (See HELP PRTQ.)  The "entry" is the entry-number in a local
 VMS print queue.

2 Examples

     o Get a list of the currently available virtual printers:

         PRT/PRINTERS

     o Print a file at a particular site using the site name:

         PRT/SITE=SAVERY FOO.BAR

     o Print a file at a particular site using the queue name:

         PRT/QUEUE=LOBBY FOO.BAR

     o Print a file at a particular site on a particular kind of
       equipment:

         PRT/SITE=ACC/EQUIPMENT=PRINTRONIX FOO.BAR

     o Print a file at a particular site on a particular kind of
       equipment, and shift the file over 5 columns:

         PRT/SITE=ACC/EQUIPMENT=PRINTRONIX/SHIFT=5 FOO.BAR

     o Print on whichever printer at a particular site has the
       right forms.

         PRT/SITE=HEALTH/FORM=HV FOO.BAR
