1 VGRAPH
!
The NSWC utility VGRAPH, which runs on the SGS VAXes, aids in the fast
creation of simple, text-only viewgraphs.  The utility can create paper
copies or transparencies right on the VAX PrintServer printers.
!
2 Basic-Info
!
The first step in making viewgraphs is to create, using either the EDT or
EVE editor, a file containing the text of the desired viewgraphs.  The file
should be named with a filetype of .VIEW (for example 10-AUG-REVIEW.VIEW).

The file can contain the text of any number of viewgraphs.  Each viewgraph
must be preceded by a line giving the name of the viewgraph.  This line
must have the string .VIEWGRAPH beginning in column 1.  For example:

	(example is on next screen)






	.VIEWGRAPH Introduction		<--- Start of first viewgraph
	        MAJOR TOPICS
	-----------------------------
	1. NSWC Software Development
	2. Program Support Products
	3. Fleet Mission Liaison
	.VIEWGRAPH Software		<--- Start of second viewgraph
	  NSWC SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
	-----------------------------
	CASE Tools
	etc....

Each viewgraph can have up to 20 lines of text.  Each line can be up to 80
characters long.  The editor screen is 22 lines long by 80 columns wide,
so the viewgraph will appear almost like what you see on the screen.

After you create the .VIEW file in the editor, you can then optionally run
the VAX Spell-Checker on the file.  To do this, execute the SPELL command;
as in:
		$  SPELL  10-AUG-REVIEW.VIEW


To produce the viewgraphs, run the VGRAPH utility, as in:

		$  VGRAPH  10-AUG-REVIEW

If any of your viewgraphs are over 20 lines long, or over 80 characters
wide, or if you have omitted a .VIEWGRAPH line or a viewgraph name, then
you will get warning or error messages.

Certain warning messages will pause the program, so that you can record the
information in the message before continuing.  Enter a Carriage Return to
continue.

After VGRAPH has examined all of the viewgraphs and created an output file
containing the text to be printed, it will display a series of options.
First, you can either print or delete the output file; you may want to del-
ete the file if you got warning or error messages which you want to correct
first.

If you elect to print, you can choose transparency media, three-hole-punched
paper, or plain paper.  If you choose paper, you can specify the number of
copies (the default is 1) and the printer to use (the default, LPS40, can
be used unless it is down for repairs).  If you choose the LPS20, you can
print on either one or two sides of the paper.

You can have your paper viewgraphs printed normally, or reduced in size and
printed two or four per page.  If using the reduced size, it will ask you
whether your viewgraphs are Portrait or Landscape; entering the wrong reply
will cause the viewgraphs to be printed in the wrong order.  Do not make
multiple copies of four-per-page until you have examined one copy to make
sure that all print is sufficiently readable.

If you choose transparencies, you should notify the VAX operators in room
C150 to load transparency film in the printer.  You should let them know
the urgency of your request.  Phone them at 663-3397 or 663-3618.

Please do not select transparencies until you have checked a paper copy and
are satisfied with the results.

If you need to re-do some of your viewgraphs, edit the corrections in the
.VIEW file, then run VGRAPH with the /SELECT qualifier, as in:

		$  VGRAPH  10-AUG-REVIEW  /SELECT

This will cause VGRAPH to ask, for each viewgraph in the file, whether you
want to process that viewgraph.  If you only select the ones which you have
changed, you can prevent wasting transparency media and save wear on the
printer.

Each occurrence of an asterisk (*) in viewgraph text will be converted to
a bullet.  When two or more minus signs are used in a row, a solid line
results.  You can use tabs, and the printed output will appear exactly as
the screen output.

Each viewgraph will contain, in small print in the lower right corner, the
viewgraph number, the VAX username of the creator, and the creation date and
time.

In order to fit 80 characters on a line, the characters are condensed.  If
the text of all viewgraph lines will fit in 60 columns, you can get slightly
better-looking viewgraphs if you put as the very first line of the .VIEW
file:
			.OPTIONS 60

You can switch back and forth, using .OPTIONS 80 for 80-character lines.

When you run VGRAPH, it will tell you the length of the longest viewgraph
line, in characters.

To get the NSWC logo in the upper right corner, put the directive .LOGO
before the first viewgraph's text.  .LOGO remains in effect for all sub-
sequent viewgraphs unless canceled with .NOLOGO.

To use larger characters, precede the line to be printed larger with the
directive .LARGE.  All subsequent lines in the viewgraph will be printed
large until a .SMALL directive is used.  For example:

	.OPTIONS 60
	.LOGO
	.VIEWGRAPH Test of large characters
	.LARGE
	NSWC SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
	.SMALL
	-----------------------------------------
	CASE Tools
	etc....

 48 large characters will fit on one line (36 if .OPTIONS 60 is used).
 If the logo is used, fewer characters can be used on the first one or
 two lines.

At the start of each viewgraph, the size is reset to .SMALL.

Viewgraphs can be made in landscape or portrait modes; the default is
landscape.  The directives .LANDSCAPE and .PORTRAIT can be used to switch
between modes.  In portrait mode, the maximum number of characters on a
line is 59 (44 if .OPTIONS 60 is used), and the maximum number of lines
is 28.
!
2 Advanced-Info
!
The information here supplements the information in the Basic-Info topic.

VGRAPH directives (.SMALL, etc.) are like RNO directives; you can place
more than one on a line, and you can follow them with text on the same
line (except for .VIEWGRAPH).  Comments can begin with ".!" or ".;".
!
3 Centering
!
Text can be centered, by using the .CENTER directive.  When .CENTER is
used, the next output line is centered.  The centered text can be on the
next input line, or on the same line as the .CENTER directive, after a
semicolon.  Examples:
                        .CENTER
                        This text is centered
                        .CENTER;So is this
!
3 Selecting
!
As mentioned under Basic-Info, the /SELECT qualifier allows you to select-
ively print some of your viewgraphs.  If you specify /SELECT by itself, it
will cause VGRAPH to ask, for each viewgraph in the file, whether you want
to process that viewgraph.

You can also specify on the command line which viewgraphs to process, so
you don't have to answer Y or N for each one.  To use this, you have to
know the NUMBERS (not the NAMES) of the viewgraphs you want.  Examples of
how to do this are:
                      $ VGRAPH MYTALK /SEL=(1,3-5,6-10,13)
                      $ VGRAPH MYTALK /SEL=("2-8,9+")

note that you have to use quotes if you use "+".
!
3 Warnings
!
VGRAPH will pause when certain warnings occur, so that you can note any
information needed to correct the problem.

If a text line is too long to fit within the margins, this will cause a
warning.  The message will show the text (first 60 columns), the viewgraph
name and number, the line number within the file, the length of the line
in inches, and the margin width.

If you don't want to see these warnings, you can specify /IGNORE on the
command line, or enter I at the prompt.  In any case, the full line will
be printed.

Other warnings are:

  *  A viewgraph has too many lines (i.e. bottom margin violated).

  *  A viewgraph has no name (missing or invalid .VIEWGRAPH directive).

  *  A viewgraph is empty (contains no lines of text).  Although this is
     a warning, you may do this on purpose to reserve a viewgraph number
     for a viewgraph produced by other means.  Empty viewgraphs will not
     waste transparency film or paper when printed.

These other warnings cannot be suppressed.
!
3 Fonts
!
Five different fonts are available for designing viewgraphs.  Each font
has nine different sizes available.  The fonts and sizes have numbers.

The default font, font 1, is "Courier Bold".  This is the only font in
which every character is the same width (like the characters on a term-
inal).  This makes it very easy to design viewgraphs on a character-cell
terminal with predictable horizontal spacing.

The other fonts are:  2 - Helvetica Narrow Bold (an SLBM standard)
                      3 - Helvetica Bold
                      4 - Souvenir Demibold
                      5 - Times Bold

To specify a font, use the .FONT directive with the font number as a
parameter.

The .LARGE and .SMALL directives are used to specify two sizes of text.
You can also use the .SIZE directive, with a number between 1 and 9, to
use other sizes.  The sizes are:

		1  16-point           1/8  inch high (approx)
		2  20-point           3/16   "    "      "
		3  24-point (.SMALL)  1/4    "    "      "
		4  28-point           
		5  32-point           5/16   "    "      "
		6  36-point           
		7  40-point (.LARGE)  3/8    "    "      "
		8  44-point
		9  48-point           1/2    "    "      "

The heights of each font 1 size is smaller; size 9 is about 3/8 inch.
You have to judge whether size 1 is too small; using all capitals may
improve readability.

At the start of each viewgraph, the size is reset to 3.  The font stays
at your selection until you change it.
!
3 Bars
!
To make a solid horizontal line, you can use a sequence of minus signs.
However for fonts 2-5 you cannot tell how long this line will be.  The
.BAR directive makes a solid line from the left margin to the right
margin.

By default, the thickness of the bar is a function of the current size
selected; for .SMALL, it about 1/16 inch, and for .LARGE it is about
1/10 inch.  For sizes 1 though 9, the thickness is that many "points",
where each point is 1/72 inch.  Thus a size 9 bar is 1/8 inch thick.

You can also specify the desired thickness, from 1 to 9 as a parameter
on the .BAR directive.

The bar is surrounded by some white space.  This height of this space is
a function of the current font size, not of the .BAR parameter, if any.
The vertical space used by a bar and its white space is the same as a
line of text would use.

You may want to include additional blank lines above and/or below the
bar.  Example:

        .VIEWGRAPH TEST-1
        .LANDSCAPE .FONT 2
        .LARGE
        HELVETICA-NARROW-BOLD VIEWGRAPH
        .SMALL
	
        .BAR
	
        * This is a viewgraph produced by VGRAPH
          . . .
!
3 Adjustments
!
Two directives allow you to adjust the appearance of the text:

  1. The .SCALE directive allows text to be horizontally compressed so
     that more characters will fit on one line.  This directive requires
     a parameter, which must be a number between 1 and 100.  Specifying
     ".SCALE 80" causes an 80% horizontal compression.  Note that the
     .OPTIONS directive also compresses the text when font 1 (the default)
     is in use.

     The more you compress a font, the worse it looks; 80% looks OK.

  2. The .ADJUST directive allows you, for fonts other than font 1, to
     expand the size of each blank, so that words are further apart and
     easier to read.  This directive requires a parameter, an integer
     which specifies the number of "points" to add to each blank.  Each
     point is 1/72 inch.  By default, VGRAPH adds 3 points to each blank
     for fonts other than font 1.

     Surprisingly, even the default .042 inch addition makes a big differ-
     ence, so large values are unnecessary.
!
3 Ident
!
By default, each viewgraph will contain, in small print in the lower
right corner, the viewgraph number (#1, #2, ...), the VAX username of
the creator, and the creation date and time.

When you are making paper copies for handouts, you may want to replace
this with some other text, such as "XY DESIGN REVIEW  3 OCT 91".  You
can do this using the /IDENT="text" command qualifier.

VGRAPH will still put the viewgraph number first.  If you are producing
some of your viewgraphs elsewhere, you can leave holes in the numbering
sequence by including null viewgraphs, for example:


        .VIEWGRAPH DUMMY-1
        .!
        .! Babs will make this on her mac
        .!
        .VIEWGRAPH REAL-2
            . . .
!
3 Logo
!
Specifying .LOGO causes the NSWC logo to be placed in the upper right
corner of each subsequent viewgraph.  This can be canceled by .NOLOGO.
A slightly larger logo can be used by specifying .LOGO 2.
!
3 Literals
!
If you don't want VGRAPH to convert asterisks to bullets, or sequences
of minus signs to a solid line, use the .LITERAL and .ENDLITERAL direc-
tives around such lines.  These also allow text lines with periods in
column 1.

Note that .ENDLITERAL is all one word, and cannot be abbreviated.
!
3 Spacing
!
If you leave an empty line in the input, a blank line will be created
in the viewgraph.  This line will be just as tall as a line containing
text.

If you use the .SKIP directive, a blank line half the normal height
will be created.  This may look better in certain cases and can help
you get more on each viewgraph (which may not be a good thing).

You can also specify .SKIP n, where n is an integer, to skip n half-height
lines.


Example:

	Topic 1
	.SKIP			<-- Half-height blank space
		* Subtopic
		* Subtopic
				<-- Full-height blank space
	Topic 2
	.SKIP			<-- Half-height blank space
		* Subtopic
		* Subtopic
				<-- Full-height blank space
	Topic 3
!
3 Columns
!
VGRAPH's default font makes it easy to line up text in columns, since
every character is the same width.  However, the other fonts are "propor-
tional", and it is much harder to form even columns.

Two directives are provided to help:  .COLUMNS and .TABS
!
4 .COLUMNS
!
The .COLUMNS directive is used to begin a column of text.  It takes one
required parameter, which must be the left margin of the column, in
tenths of inches.  For example, the following input creates two parallel
columns of text, one at the left margin, and one indented four inches:

        .COLUMN 0
        Text
        Text
        .COLUMN 40
        Text
        Text

Each time a .COLUMN 0 directive is processed, a new series of columns
is begun.  The series will start at the current Y-coordinate within the
page.
!
4 .TABS
!
If the .TABS directive is not used, VGRAPH converts tabs to blanks in
the standard DEC method.

The .TABS directive takes a list of numbers as parameters.  Each number
is a tab location, in tenths of inches from the left margin.  For
example:
                .TABS 20,45,60

This sets three tabs, at 2.0, 4.5, and 6.0 inches from the left margin.
When you include tabs in your input, the tabs will be expanded to pro-
duce the specified spacing.  If you use more tabs than you define, a
warning message will be displayed, and the part of the offending line
after the last valid tab will be suppressed.

VGRAPH will also right-justify tabbed text if desired.  This is useful
for producing columns of figures like:
                                          1
                                       3423
                                         27

To do this, put a backslash ("\") immediately after a tab.  The text up
to the next tab (or to the end of the line) will be right-justified, and
the backslash will not be printed.  Example (assume * is a tab):

Input:  .TABS 30             Output:   |-- 3 inches ---|
        Jan*\1                         Jan             1
        Feb*\3423                      Feb          3423
	Mar*\27                        Mar            27

Specifying .TABS with no parameters restores the default tab behavior.
!
